Project 14: Chemical Reactions Observations

               Discussion:

Chemists write Chemical Reactions using formulas and symbols to describe a chemical change. These are the symbolic representation of a chemical sentence, consider substance A and substance B undergoing a chemical change to produce substances C and D, we write:

chemicalReactionProducts

The physical states of the chemicals are noted in the chemical equation by writing the abbreviations (s), (l), (g), or (aq) for solid, pure liquid, gas, or aqueous (water) solution.

Substances A and B are called Reactants or the subject of the sentence.

The horizontal arrow reads “yields” or “produces” and is the verb of the sentence.

Substances C and D are called Products or the predicate of the sentence.

In CHM 1020 Suchocki text, watch video 9.1 and read section 9.1:

Conceptual Chemistry Chapter 9 Video Links
Chapter 9: How Chemicals React
9.1 Chemical Reactions Are Represented
      by Chemical Equations
Review the Chapter 9 Part I Study Pack-Sections A, A1, B, B1, D2, B3:

Chapter 9: Chemical Equations

A. Basic Reaction Symbols- Answers

A1. Classifying Chemical Reactions- Answers

B.  Balancing Chemical Equations  Answers 

B1.Predicting Single Replacement Products  Answers

B2.Predict Double Replacement  Answers

B3 Neutralization/Gas Forming Reactions  Answers

Most textbooks* introduce the main types of simple inorganic chemical reactions:
Types of Chemical Reactions        Hein  Corwin      McMurry

Combination

A + B à AB

8.3

7.5

Not introduced

Decomposition

AB à  A + B

8.3

7.6

Not introduced

Single Replacement

A + BC è B + AC

8.3

7.8

Not introduced

Double Replacement

AB + CD à  AD + CB

8.3

7.10

5.3, 5.4

*Suchocki does not introduce the types of chemical reactions; you must use the study pack Chap 9 Part 1

          IonExchangeGraphic

Ion exchange reactions (precipitation and neutralization) are discussed in Parts D2 & D3 of Chapter 9 Part I Study Pack. Neutralization reactions (D2) are discussed in Chapter 10 of CHM 1020 Suchocki Section 10.1. Please note the reactions show in Table 10.1 page 300.

Single Replacement Reactions:

          
               
E is a Metallic Element; A is also a Metallic Element or Hydrogen gas H2

                   
                   

 Given the following Partial  Activity Series:
Li > K > Ba > Sr > Ca > Na > (H2O) Mg > Al > Mn > Zn > Fe > Cd > Co > Ni >Sn > Pb > (H) > Cu > Ag > Hg > Au

(H) aqueous acid

Assignment:

For Combination and Decomposition Reactions watch the online chemical reactions and then record the observation of the chemical change. The balanced chemical equations are shown. For Single Replacement and Double Replacement Reactions watch the online chemical reaction, record your observations, then complete and balance the chemical reaction:

Chemical Reactions Experiment Data Table/Pages:

A.    Combination Reactions (Instructor Demonstration)

1.     Magnesium (s)  + Oxygen (g) à

View Online:  http://www.fccj.us/ReactionWithOxygen.mp4

Chemical Reaction D1:   2 Mg (s)  +  O2 (g)  à  2 MgO (s)

 

2.     Ammonia (g) + Hydrogen Chloride (g) à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rf9j0ztzcs4 

Chemical Reaction D2:   NH3 (g)  +  HCl (g)  à  NH4Cl (s)

 

3.    Sulfur (s) + Oxygen (g) (from Web) à

View Online:  http://www.fccj.us/ReactionWithOxygen.mp4

Chemical Reaction D3:   S (s)  +  O2 (g)  à  SO2 (g)

 

4.    Sodium (s) + Chlorine (g) (from Web)  à

View Online: http://www.fccj.us/SodiumChlorineCombination.mp4

Chemical Reaction:        2 Na (s)  +  Cl2  (g)  à  2 NaCl (s)

 

  B.  Decomposition Reactions:

1.    Copper(II) sulfate penta Hydrate à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eX3JiKmenuU

Chemical Reaction #1:  CuSO4∙5H2O (s)    CuSO4 (s)   + 5 H2O (g)

 

2.    Cobalt(II) chloride hexa Hydrate à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0a_zi0vhaE

Chemical Reaction #2:  CoCl2∙6H2O (s)    CoCl2 (s)   + 6 H2O (g)

 

3.    Nickel(II) chloride hexa Hydrate à

View Online:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel(II)_chloride
Chemical Reaction #3:   NiSO4∙6H2O (s)    NiSO4 (s)   + 6 H2O (g)

 

4.    Sodium hydrogen carbonate à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OoPokz_5Sns 

Chemical Reaction #4:  2 NaHCO3 (s) à  Na2CO3 (s)  +  CO2 (g) + H2O (g)

  
      C. Single Replacement Reactions:

1.    Calcium (s) + water (l) à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i-rFsFwdkTU

Chemical Reaction #1:   Ca (s)  +  HOH (l) à 

 

2.    Magnesium (s) + water (l) à   NR

Chemical Reaction #2:   Mg (s)  + H2O (aq)   à   NR

 

2`. Magnesium (s) + Hydrochloric acid (aq) à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SeKsLi_6WkY

Chemical Reaction #2`:  Mg (s)  +  HCl (aq)   à  

 

3.    Copper (s) + Silver nitrate (aq) à

View Online:  http://www.fccj.us/CopperSilverSingleReplacement.mp4  

Chemical Reaction #3: (Copper becomes either +1 or +2 ion)  Cu (s)  +  AgNO3  (aq)   à 

 

4.    Sodium (s) + water (l) à

View Online: http://www.fccj.us/SodiumPotassiumReactionWater.mp4  

Chemical Reaction #4:    Na (s) +  HOH à 

 

5.    Potassium (s) + water (l) à

View Online: http://www.fccj.us/SodiumPotassiumReactionWater.mp4

Chemical Reaction #5:     K (s) +  HOH à 

 

6.    Zinc (s) + Tin(II) Nitrate (aq) à

View Online: http://www.fccj.us/ZincTinSingleReplacement.mp4  

Chemical Reaction #6:   Zn (s)  +  Sn(NO3)2 (aq)  à

 

D. Double Replacement Reactions (Precipitaion)

1.    Aluminum Chloride (aq) + Sodium carbonate (aq) à

View Online:  https://socratic.org/questions/what-happens-when-you-mix-calcium-chloride-with-sodium-carbonate

Chemical Reaction #1:  AlCl3(aq) +  Na2CO3(aq) à 

 

2.    Copper (II) sulfate (aq) + Sodium carbonate (aq) à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVRB0sV6Qq0

Chemical Reaction #2:  CuSO4(aq) +  Na2CO3(aq)à

 

3.    Silver (I) nitrate(aq) + Sodium carbonate (aq) à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_lDLzmhF8E8

Chemical Reaction #3:    AgNO3 (aq) +  Na2CO3(aq)à

 

4.    Aluminum nitrate(aq) + Sodium phosphate (aq) à

View Online:  ???

Chemical Reaction #4:    Al(NO3)3(aq) +  Na3PO4(aq) à 

 

5.    Copper (II) nitrate(aq) + Sodium phosphate (aq) à

View Online:  ????

Chemical Reaction #5:   Cu(NO3)2(aq) +  Na3PO4(aq)à
 

6.    Silver nitrate(aq) + Sodium phosphate (aq) à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HKbZhL8w84Q

Chemical Reaction #6:    AgNO3 (aq) + Na3PO4(aq)à

 

7.    Copper(II) sulfate (aq) Sodium bicarbonate (aq) à

View Online: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_xvut16Byxk 

Chemical Reaction #7:   CuSO4 (aq) + NaHCO3 (aq)à

 

8.    Cobalt(II) chloride (aq) Sodium carbonate (aq) à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEdAkBNNqSY

Chemical Reaction #8:   CoCl2 (aq)    +  Na2CO3 (aq)   à 

 

9.    Nickel(II) nitrate (aq) Sodium carbonate (aq) à

View Online: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqtXJS9tnRo 

Chemical Reaction #9:    Ni(NO3)2(aq)    +  Na2CO3 (aq)   à 

 

10.  Copper(II) chloride (aq) Sodium phosphate (aq) à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3thjr51qIN4

Chemical Reaction #10:  CuCl2 (aq) +  Na3PO4 (aq) à

 

11.  Cobalt(II) chloride (aq) Sodium phosphate (aq) à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i7satZ53G3Y

Chemical Reaction #11:  CoSO4 (aq) +  Na3PO4 (aq) à

 

12.  Nickel(II) chloride (aq) Sodium phosphate (aq) à

View Online:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel_phosphate (note color of product)

Chemical Reaction #12:  NiSO4 (aq) +  Na3PO4 (aq) à

 

E. Double Replacement Reactions-Neutralization

 

1.    Nitric Acid (aq) Sodium Hydroxide (aq) à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wnr-i_vA9nw

Chemical Reaction #1:  HNO3(aq) +  NaOH(aq) à 

 

2. Sulfuric Acid (aq) Sodium Hydroxide (aq) à

View Online:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZFfH3kfVBQ

Chemical Reaction #2:    H2SO4(aq) +  NaOH(aq) à 

 

3. Phosphoric Acid (aq) Potassium Hydroxide (aq) à

View Online: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XKHxJeZTiy0 

Chemical Reaction #3:   H3PO4(aq) +  KOH(aq) à